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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The CTX-M-type β-lactamases represent a group with a typical extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-resistance phenotype. These enzymes, encoded by transferable plasmids. They have a preferential hydrolysis of Cefotaxime over Ceftazidime. The CTX-M-type β-lactamases have been described in species of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. OBJECTIVE : This study was designed to investigate of the occurrence of CTX-M-I type in some Gram negative bacteria species isolated from clinical cases of in Iraq. METHODS: A group of Gram negative bacteria were isolated from different sources.Plasmid DNA extraction, and electrophoresis were performed. Using specific primers, CTX-M-I enzyme genes were amplified by PCR. RESULTS: Plasmid profile of the tested isolates reveals the presence of relatively large plasmids, their Wight was more than 10 kb some isolates posses’ 3-4 kb plasmids. The results of PCR amplification showed the presence of CTX-I genes. All isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (100%) are negative for CTX-M-I gene as well as most of P. aeruginosa isolates (86.7%). In contrast, all of E. coli (100%) and most of Proteus Spp isolates were positive for CTX-M-I gene. CONCLUSION: CTX-M genes are predominant in E.coli followed by Proteus Spp. while Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and P. aeruginosa isolates showed low incidence of blaCTX-M genes occurrence. The alarming situation with dissemination of CTX-M producing isolates highlights the need for their epidemiological monitoring and prudent use of antimicrobial agents

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